FTL Shipping Guide
Full Truckload (FTL) freight: when to use it, how pricing works, and which carriers to use.
What is FTL Shipping?
FTL (Full Truckload) means you rent an entire trailer for your shipment. Your cargo doesn't mix with anyone else's. This is the best option when you have 15,000+ lbs or need faster, more secure delivery.
15,000+ lbs
Typical minimum for FTL
44,000 lbs
Max payload (standard 53ft trailer)
1-4 days
Typical transit time
$2-5/mile
Average FTL rate (2025)
Trailer Types
| Trailer Type | Dimensions | Best For | Rate vs Dry Van |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dry Van (53ft) | 53L x 8.5W x 9H ft | Most freight, packaged goods | Base rate |
| Refrigerated (Reefer) | 53L x 8.5W x 9H ft | Food, pharmaceuticals | +20-40% |
| Flatbed | 48-53ft long | Machinery, lumber, steel | +10-25% |
| Step Deck | 53ft, lower deck | Tall oversized equipment | +15-30% |
| Lowboy | Variable | Heavy construction equipment | +50-100% |
| Tanker | Variable | Liquids, chemicals | +30-60% |
How FTL Pricing Works
Base Rate = Distance (miles) × Rate per Mile
+ Fuel Surcharge (~15-30% of base)
+ Accessorial Charges (liftgate, detention, etc.)
= Total FTL Cost
+ Fuel Surcharge (~15-30% of base)
+ Accessorial Charges (liftgate, detention, etc.)
= Total FTL Cost
Example: NY to LA (2,800 miles) × $3.50/mile = $9,800 + fuel surcharge $2,450 = ~$12,250